Congress shall make no law … abridging the freedom of speech …
It has been taken to extremes. There are laws that do abridge the freedom of speech, such as slander, incitement and recklessness (shouting 'theater!' In a crowded firehouse). And, realistically, there could be laws against wanton disinformation, which we should probably have.
To me, reading 1A indicates that the freedom of speech clause was meant as a way to protect people from
lese majestie: in Thailand, you can get in serious trouble for anything other than fawning adoration of the Rama (king). In the history of European monarchies, people could get dungeoned just for saying a thing that bothered the king or the government. This was the issue that 1A was intended to address, and laws of other types, that do not pertain to vexing the halls of power, should not be considered out of bounds.
But one thing must be born in mind. If you look, you can probably find a NAMBLA website which, as I understand it, offers advice on how to accomplish their goals. To the vast majority of people, the very idea of it is passing vile. Yet, we can look at it, and that is a
good thing. Because, allowing them to be out in the open helps us understand what they do and how they do it. This means we have a better idea what we can do to keep our lads safe.
This is true of the like of Aryan Nations and III% as well. I read
The Turner Diaries of which I found a pdf online and it did not convince of the goodness of its agenda. In fact, Chapter 22 was one of the nastiest vignettes I have ever read, putting the Third Reich even to shame, for their lackadaisical approach. Yes, some people will be reached by effluent like that, but most will not. It is better to have the ugly out where we can see it than slinking through catacombs beneath us only to surface unexpectedly, catching us off guard.
So, yes, we probably could refine the way 1A is interpreted (that goes for the religion part as well), but it must be handled extremely carefully, lest we lose some of the counterintuitive advantages it provides us.